Diabetes is a serious disorder of glucose metabolism, in which type 2 diabetes is caused by a variety of complex causes of relative lack of insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity.It is characterized by elevated blood glucose, abnormal glucose protein metabolism and abnormal lipid metabolism, which will be accompanied by a variety of complications with the development of the course of the disease.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that intestinal microecological environment disorders can affect the normal metabolism of glucose and lipids through a variety of pathways, leading to obesity and even insulin resistance. Therefore, the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes is closely related to intestinal microecology.Based on the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, traditional Chinese medicine can prevent and treat type 2 diabetes by inhibiting intestinal pathogenic bacteria, promoting probiotics, regulating the structure of intestinal flora, and actively regulating intestinal microenvironment to restore balance. In this paper, based on the relevant literature on the treatment of this disease in recent years, the research progress and treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine are summarized as follows.

Neuron specific enolase(NSE) is the most acidic isozyme in Glycolysis Enolase, which exists in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells and play a dual role in neuroinflammation and neuroprotection in some nervous system events. NES has been suggested as a characteristic biomarker of central nervous system injury and stoke, and plays an important role in evaluating the severity and prognosis of such diseases.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the predominant pathological type of primary liver cancer, with a high morbidity and mortality rate and also brings society high disease burden. At the same time, the risk factors for HCC are numerous and the pathogenesis is complex which are still not clearly understood. Tripartite motif containing protein 21(TRIM21) is a member of a family of highly conserved structural domain proteins with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which are involved in ubiquitination modification and degradation of proteins. The expression level of TRIM21 in HCC cells varies. TRIM21 is also associated with the disease stage, differentiation and prognosis of HCC patients. In conclusion, TRIM21 plays a complex and important role in HCC, therefore, this paper reviews the progress of research on the role of TRIM21 in HCC.

The gastric cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high mortality in our country. The lack of early diagnostic detection markers, inefficient prognostic histological indicators, limited therapeutic methods and molecular markers of effective targeted therapy are the reasons for the low 5-year survival rate. Intestinal metaplasia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and is even considered to be the only condition for the occurrence of intestinal gastric cancer. Early identification of risk stratified patients with intestinal metaplasia plays an important role in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. At present, the intestinal metaplasia progressed to gastric carcinoma is closely related to P53, OLFM4, SOX2, CDX2, Bcl-2 gene, HERB-2, VEGF, MUC2, telomeres, DNA methylation and other related molecular factors. we discuss the molecular progress of intestinal metaplasia and screening the molecular markers, That will be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer.